Valve-operating mechanism



Mar. 13, 1923.

W. MORRIS VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM FILED OCT- 24| i919.

Patented Mar. 13, 1923.

UNlTEfi ti WILLIAM DIORRIS, F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

VALVE-OPERATING MECHANISM.

Application filed October 24, 1919. Serial No. 333,106.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MORRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at v Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and 5 State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Valve-Operating Mechanism, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The present invention relates to valve opera-ting mechanism which in the present instance is particularly adapted for the operation of the inlet and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine. However, I as will be apparent as the description proceeds, the mechanism is adaptable for use for the operation of valves in general where the requirements are the same as those which will be later set forth. i

In an internal combustion engine, it is desirable that the intake valve be kept open for as great a portion of the intake stroke of the piston as is possible, and furthermore, it is desirable that the intake valve shall open quickly to its full open position and also close quickly when the intake stroke of the piston is completed. Thisis desirable so that the cylinder may receive a complete charge of fuel mixture which of course means power when the charge is subse quently exploded.

The same general constructions are also applicable to theexhaust valves of engines because it is desirable that the cylinder be scavenged of the burnt gas as completely as is possible, and this requires that the valves controlling the exhaust opening from the cylinder be opened during as great a portion as possible of the exhaust stroke of the piston. I

The usual construction employed, particularly in the internal combustion engines for operating the valves controlling the inlet and exhaust passages to the cylinder, are commonly of the tapped variety and employ a rotating cam shaft upon which shaft the cams are either secured or are integrally formed. These cams, as the cam shaft rotates, wipe against the ends of rods or other members, which in turn operate the valves.

The wiping action of the cam against the valve stem produces a certain amount of side thrust in the valve stem, and consequently the shape of the cam must be chosen to minimize theside thrust, but at the same out of this compromise usually results in a condition wherein the valve is not openfor the complete intake stroke of the piston and does not remain in its full open position for any considerable period of time with relation to the intake stroke of the piston.

The purpose of the present invention, is to provide a construction wherein the valve is quickly moved to its full open position and is maintained in its full openposition, or in substantially its full open position fora much longer period of time than is at present possible withthe'tappet form of cam shaft, and furthermore, the construction employed produces a substantially noiseless operation. i l

Generally speaking, the invention may be said to comprise the elements and the combinations thereof set forth in' the accompanyingclaims; I x

Reference should be had to the accom- T pany'i ng drawings forming a part of this specification in which' Fig. 1 is ane'levation with portions in section of an engineembodying the present invention Fig 2 is a front elevation showinga portion of a'v'alve operating shaftand the mechanism 'coeopera'ting therewith; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the valve stem operating member;

Fig. 4 :isa front'elevation of the showing in Fig. 3; Fig. '5 is an elevation of a valve stem operating mechanism in one'position of its operation. I 1

Referring to' the drawings, 1 indicates a cylinder, 2indicates a piston, 3 indicates an engine head, all of which maybe of any desired construction. i

' One of the ports which communicates with the cylinder is indicated at 4! and this port "is controlled by a valve indicated at 5. The

shaft is housed within the crank case of the engine, this being a. construction which is employed at the present time but the invention is not limited to this particular placement of the valve operating shaft as the construction is adaptable to the construction using what is known as the overhead type of valve mechanism;

Upon a suitable portion of the crank casing a guide 9 is fixed and through the guide there extends a rod 10 which rod is in alignment with the valve stem 6,

Between the rod 10 and the valve stem 6 any suitable form of adjustment may be employed, which in the present instance is a threaded member 11 mounted upon the valve 10 which may be adjusted toward and from the valve stem 6 and locked in adjusted position by the locked nut 12.

The member 9 has a. pair of spaced ears 13 which extend within the crank casing and between these ears there is located a head 10' which is formed on the lower end of the rod 10. This head has flat side portions which may engage with the inner sides of the ears 13 thereby preventing rotation of the head and the rod -10 and confining the movement of the rod 10 to a vertical reciprocating movement. The bottom surface of the head 10 is fiat and extends at substantially right angles to the axis of the rod 10.

An operating member generally indicated at 14 is pivoted to the lower end of the ears 13. This member 14 has a head portion 14 which upon the upper surface is formed as a curved point of the member 14, in fact the surface is so fashioned as to exert a cam action against the head 10 and also to have a rolling contact with the head 10 The lower portion of the member 14 is formed with spaced arms, as indicated at 14", which arms form in effect a yoke that straddles a pin 15 which is offset with respect to the central axis of the valve operating shaft 16.

As will be apparent when the valve operating shaft 16 is caused to turn, the member 14 swings about its pivot with an oscillating motion. In the construction shown in the drawing, the valve operating shaft is intended to operate in a right hand or clockwise direction and when the pin 15 is engaging with the arm 14", the member 14 is moved about its pivot in such a direction that it produces no vertical movement of the head 10. When, however, the pin 15 engages with the arm 14, the movement of the head 14 immediately communicates to the head 10 of the rod 10 and the rod 10 is raised thereby.

The engagement between the arm 14 and the pin 15 occupies substantially 140 at least of the angular revolution of the pin 15 and it will be noted that the pin 15 has moved the arm 14 to its maximum displaced position when the pin is in the position shown in Fig. 5, however, due to the increasing lever effect between the head 14 and the head 10 as the member 14 moves on its pivot, the valve 5 moves to its open position much quicker than would be the case where the valve is directly operated by a tapped form of cam and furthermore, due to the fact of the particular form of the curved surface on the head 14*, the valve not only quickly moves to its open position, but remains in its open position or in substantially its full open position during the greater part of the engagement of the pin 15 with the arm 14. In fact, it is entirely possible to maintain the valve. 5 in substantially its full open position for about 45 of the 140 angular degrees of movement of the pin 15 while in contact with the arm 14.

Due to the fact that the head 14 and the head 1O are always in engagement, and further, due to the fact that the fit between the arms 14 and 14 with respect to the pin 5 may be made a comfortable fit, there is very little noise connected with the operation of the valve mechanism.

As will be appreciated, the operative portions of the valve mechanism being largely within the crank case, they are continually in a lubricated condition and so are subject to a minimum amount of wearing action.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for the rod, an arm extending from the rod at the end thereof, ,a cam member pivotally mounted in axial alignment with the rod and adapted to engage the arm and move the same as the cam member is moved.

2. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for the rod, an arm extending from the rod. at the end thereof, a cam member pivotally mounted in, axial alignment with the rod and having a curved surface, a portion of which is normaly in engagement with the said arm, the cam mem her being adapted to move the arm as the cam member is moved.

3. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, :1 guide for the rod, an arm extending from the rod at. the end thereof, a cam member pivoted at one portion thereof and in axial alignment with the rod, said cam member having a curved surface, a portion of which normally engages with the arm, means for oscillating the cam whereby the rod is moved as the cam is oscillated.

4. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for the rod, an arm extending from the rod. at the end thereof, a pivoted member, said member being pivoted in axial alignment with the rod, said member having a portion which normally contacts with said arm, means for oscillating the said member whereby the rod is raised as the said member is oscillated.

5. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for said rod, an arm car- .ried by the rod at the end thereof, a pivoted member, which pivot is in axial alignment with the rod, said pivoted member having a curved surface, a portion of said curved surface being normally in engagement with the arm, means for oscilalting said member whereby the curved surface is moved in contact with the arm on the rod.

6. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for the rod, an arm mounted at the end of and extending from the rod, a pivoted member, the pivoted mounting of said member being substantialy in line with the axis of the rod, said pivoted member having a curved surface, a portion of which is normaly, in contact with said arm, means for oscillating the said member, thereby to reciprocate the said rod.

7 A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for the said rod, a cam pivotaly mounted in axial alignment with the rod, said cam having a curved surface, a

ing a rod, a guide for said rod, a pivoted cam member, which pivot is in axial alignment with the rod, said member having a curved surface, a portion of which normally is in engagement with the rod, a yoke secured to the cam member, a crank arm engaging with the yoke to oscillate the same, thereby to impart a reciprocating movement to said rod.

9. A valve operating mechanism comprising a rod, a guide for the rod, an arm secured to said rod at one end thereof, a member which is mounted on a pivot in axial alignment with the rod, said member having a curved surface, a portion of said surface which is normally in engagement with said arm, a yoke secured to the pivoted member, a crank cooperating with said yoke to reciprocate the yoke and the member secured thereto thereby to reciprocate the said rod.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

WILLIAM MORRIS. 

